Pattern Recogn. Phys., 1, 205­206, 2013
Pattern Recognition
www.pattern-recogn-phys.net/1/205/2013/
doi:10.5194/prp-1-205-2013
in Physics
© Author(s) 2013. CC Attribution 3.0 License.
Open Access
General conclusions regarding the
planetary­solar­terrestrial interaction
N.-A. Mörner1, R. Tattersall2, J.-E. Solheim3, I. Charvatova4, N. Scafetta5, H. Jelbring6, I. R. Wilson7,
R. Salvador8, R. C. Willson9, P. Hejda10, W. Soon11, V. M. Velasco Herrera12, O. Humlum13,
D. Archibald14, H. Yndestad15, D. Easterbrook16, J. Casey17, G. Gregori18, and G. Henriksson19
1Paleogeophysics & Geodynamics, Stockholm, Sweden
2Tallbloke, Leeds, UK
3Department of Physics & Technology, Tromsø, Norway
4Geophysical Institute, AS CR, Praha, Czech Republic
5Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
6Tellus, Stockholm, Sweden
7Gunnedah, Australia
8Vancouver, Canada
9ACRIM, Coronado, CA, USA
10Institute of Geophysics of the ASCR, Praha, Czech Republic
11Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA
12Geophysics UNAM, Cambridge, MA, Mexico
13Department of Geosciences, Oslo, Norway
14Summa Development Ltd, Perth, Australia
15Aalesund University, Aalesund, Norway
16Department of Geology, Bellingham, WA, USA
17Space Sci. Res. Co. (SSRC), Orlando, FL, USA
18Instituto di Acustica e Sensoristica (CNR), Rome, Italy
19Astronomy, Uppsala, Sweden
Correspondence to: N.-A. Mörner (morner@pog.nu)
Abstract. In a collection of research papers devoted to the problem of solar variability and its origin in plan-
etary beat, it is demonstrated that the forcing function originates from gravitational and inertial effects on the
Sun from the planets and their satellites. This conclusion is shared by nineteen co-authors.
1
Introduction
is the 11 yr cycle, which also forms a higher rank variability
between "grand maxima and grand minima". During the last
three grand minima (the Spörer, Maunder and Dalton Min-
The Sun is in the centre of our solar­planetary system but it
ima), the Earth experienced "Little Ice Age" conditions. To-
has to constantly adjust its position with respect to the cen-
day, we seem to be at the end of a grand maximum.
tre of mass in response to the planetary motions. This is be-
Cosmogenic radionuclides (14C and 10Be) may record the
cause our solar­planetary system acts as a multi-body system
solar variability back in time for 9500 yr or more. These
of mutual interaction and transfer of gravity and momentum
records contain a number of characteristic cycles. There are,
impulses.
however, also additional internal sources for the production
The solar activity ­ i.e. the emission of heat, electromag-
of these radionuclides to consider.
netic waves and particles ­ is known to change with time
The planetary beat in gravity and momentum on the Sun
in a cyclic manner ranging from days and years to decades,
from the celestial bodies circulating around the Sun can
centuries and millennia. The most commonly known cycle
Published by Copernicus Publications.

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Cosmogenic radionuclides (14C and 10Be) may record the solar variability back in time for
9500 years or more. These records contain a number of characteristic cycles. There are,
however, also additional internal sources for the production of these radionuclides to consider.

The planetary beat in gravity and momentum on the Sun from the celestial bodies
circulating around the Sun can be estimated, even calculated, and broken down into cyclic
206
beats. Several of the papers in this volume have addressed this N.-A.
a
Mör
nd pre ner
sentet
e al.: Gener
d ne
al
w ma conclusions
terial.



Figure 1. Illustration of the Planetary­Solar­Terrestrial interaction here proposed.
Figure 1. Illustration of the planetary­solar­terrestrial interaction

here proposed.
2. Conclusions
be estimated, even calculated, and broken down into cyclic
References
The
beats. f
Se oll
v
owing
eral of

the conclusi
papers in on a
this nd im
volume pli
ha c
veations are
addressed formula
All
ted a
papers to
nd a
be
gre
included ed upo
in specialn.
this and presented new material.
issue no. 1 of PRP.

Charvatova, I. and Hejda, P.: Responses of the basic cycle of 178.7
2 Conclu
Conc
sion 1.
lusions

The solar activity varies with a number of characte
and risti
2402 c
yr intime
solar
cycles.
-terrestrial
There
phenomena are
during no sola
Holocene, r Pat-
tern Recogn. Phys., in press, 2013.
theor
The
ies
follo
a
wing ble to ex
conclusion plain
and
this varia
implications
bil
are
ity as dr
formulated iven and
Jelbring,
sust
H.:
ained
Energy
by
transfer int
in
e
the rnal
solar proce
system, ss
P es.
attern We
Recogn.
pr
and esent
agreed (in
upon. papers after papers) a spectrum of ideas,
Ph esti
ys., 1,mates,
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doi:
vati
10.5194/ons and calcula
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ti
2013. ons
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Jelbring,
tern ty
H.:must
Recogn.

Ph e
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ys., 1,rge from
143­146, gr
commensurabilities:
doi: avita
some ti
10.5194/ ona
special l and
cases, Pat-
Conclusion 1
prp-1-143-2013,
inertial effects on the Sun from the planets and their satelli
2013.
tes (Figure 1; References).

The solar activity varies with a number of characteristic time
Mörner, N.-A.: Planetary beat and solar­terrestrial responses, Pat-
tern Recogn. Phys., 1, 107­116, doi:10.5194/prp-1-107-2013,
c Imp
ycles. licat
There ion
are 1.
no solar theories able to explain this vari-
2013.
We
ability hope
as dri v that,
en and by the
sustained arg
by uments
internal p and fa
rocesses. cts
We presented
Salvador, in
R. thi
J.: s
A volume, we
mathematical
ha
modelve
of lifte
the d "the
sunspot cy-
present (in paper after paper) a spectrum of ideas, estimates,
plane
cle for the past 1000 yr, Pattern Recogn. Phys., 1, 117­122,
observ
tar
ations y h
andypothesis"
calculations to
to
the leve
demonstra l of
te
a
that "
the plane
dri
ta
ving ry theory", and we even foresee that it will lead
doi:10.5194/prp-1-117-2013, 2013.
f to a ne
actor of
w pa
solar v radigm on t
ariability must he P
emer lane
ge
tar
from
y
gra -Solar-
vitational Terr
and estrial int
Scafetta, era
N.: ction (
The
Fig
complex ure 1).
planetary synchronization structure of
W
inertial e e
ff are
ects we
on
ll
the awa
Sun
re
from of
the the fa
planets ct
and that
their there is
satellites
much
the more
solar
to lea
system, P rn a
attern nd im
Recogn. pr
Ph ove
ys., ,
in but
press, we
2013.trust
the the
(Fig. 1;
ory is her
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e to stay.
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Implicat
Implication ion
1
2.
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Recogn. Phys., 1, 123­133, doi:10.5194/prp-1-123-2013, 2013.
W S
e eve
hop ra
e l pa
that
p
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the ha
ar ve add
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re
and ssed
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v centur
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we .
haObviousl
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the le o
vel a new Pgrand
attern
solar
Recogn.
Phmi
ys., nim
1,
um.
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doi:
sheds
10.5194/
serious
prp-1-177-2013,
of doubts
a
on the issue of
"planetary theory", and
a
we c
ev onti
en
nued, e
foresee thatve
it n a
will ccele
lead rated, wa
2013. rming as claimed by the IPCC project.
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We are well aware of the fact that there is much more to
2013.
Re
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and ence
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All papers to be included in Special Issue No. 1 of PRP
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Implication 2
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Charvatova, I. & Hejda, P.: Responses of the basic cyc
solar le o
diff f 178
erential .7 years a
rotation, P
nd 2402
attern
y
Recogn. ea
Ph rs in
ys., 1, 199­202,
Several papers have addressed the question about the evolu-
doi:10.5194/prp-1-199-2013, 2013.
tion of
solar
climate -terr
duringestrial phe
the 21st
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century.
na
Ob
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on
ne, PRP, 1, in press.
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Jelbring
doubts on
, H.:
the
C
issue e
of lestial c
a
omm
continued, ev e
ennsurabilities: som
accelerated, warm-
e special c
147-2013a
, ses, P
2013.
RP, 1, 143-146, 2013.
ing as claimed by the IPCC project.
Pattern Recogn. Phys., 1, 205­206, 2013
www.pattern-recogn-phys.net/1/205/2013/

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